Hasher, L., Goldstein, D., & Toppino, T. (1977). Frequency and the conference of referential validity. Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior, 16(1), 107-112. Récupéré à https://bear.warrington.ufl.edu/brenner/mar7588/Papers/hasher-et-al-jvvb-1977.pdf
Abstract des auteur·trice·s
Subjects rated how certain they were that each of 60 statements was true or false. The statements were sampled from areas of knowledge including politics, sports, and the arts, and were plausible but unlikely to be specifically known by most college students. Subjects gave ratings on three successive occasions at 2-week intervals. Embedded in the list were a critical set of statements that were either repeated across the sessions or were not repeated. For both true and false statements, there was a significant increase in the validity judgments for the repeated statements and no change in the validity judgments for the non-repeated statements. Frequency of occurrence is apparently a criterion used to establish the referential validity of plausible statements.
Méthodes
Ils ont montré des 60 phrases "plausibles" (30 vraies, 30 fausses) 3x, chaque fois, avec un intervalle de 2 semaines entre chaque présentation.
Ce qui en fait un design intrasujet 2 (répété/non-répété) par 3 (session) par 2 (phrase vraie/fausse).
Les personnes devaient se positionner sur une échelle de likert en 7 points avec 4 "uncertain", 5 "possibly true", 6 "probably true", et 7 "definitely true".
La matériel a été passé à 40 personnes, et 10 résultats n'ont pas été conservé (parce qu'elles ne sot pas allées au bout des 4 semaines).
Résultats
Il y a un effet de la répétition sur le jugement de vérité F(2, 78) = 11.80, MS_e = .20, p < .01.